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<title>Colon (letter)</title>

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<span id="openzim-page-title" class="mw-page-title-main"><span class="mw-page-title-main">Colon (letter)</span></span>

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</style><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">This article is about colon-like character used as an alphabetic letter in some languages, not the punctuation mark. For the punctuation mark, see <a href="Colon_(punctuation)" title="Colon (punctuation)">colon (punctuation)</a>. For other uses, see <a href="Colon_(disambiguation)" class="mw-redirect mw-disambig" title="Colon (disambiguation)">colon (disambiguation)</a>.</div><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1295905060">

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</style><table class="infobox"><tbody><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-above" style="background:lightblue; color:black;;">Colon</th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-subheader"><span style="font-size: 4em; line-height: 1.2em; vertical-align: super; font-weight: normal;">꞉</span></td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="background:lightblue; color:black; font-variant/style: ;">Usage</th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Writing system</th><td class="infobox-data">Latin</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Type</th><td class="infobox-data">alphabetic</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Language of origin</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="Americanist_phonetic_notation" title="Americanist phonetic notation">Americanist phonetic notation</a>, Erima, Gizra, Go꞉bosi, Gwahatike, Kaluli, Kamula, Kasua, Kuni-Boazi, Zimakani, Budu, Sabaot, Grebo, <a href="O%CA%BCodham_language" title="Oʼodham language">Oʼodham</a>, Zuni, Hupa, <a href="Sayula_Popoluca" title="Sayula Popoluca">Sayula Popoluca</a>, Mohawk</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Sound values</th><td class="infobox-data"><span class="IPA nowrap" lang="und-Latn-fonipa" title="Representation in the International Phonetic Alphabet (IPA)">[ː]</span></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">In <a href="Unicode" title="Unicode">Unicode</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><code>U+A789</code></td></tr><tr></tr></tbody></table>

<p>The <b>colon</b> alphabetic letter <span class="nounderlines" style="border: 1px solid var(--border-color-muted,#ddd); color: var(--color-base,#202122); background-color: var( --background-color-neutral-subtle, #fdfdfd); padding: 1px 1px;">꞉</span> is used in a number of languages and phonetic transcription systems, for <a href="Vowel_length" title="Vowel length">vowel length</a> in <a href="Americanist_phonetic_notation" title="Americanist phonetic notation">Americanist Phonetic Notation</a>, for the vowels <span class="nowrap">⟨a꞉⟩</span> <span class="IPA nowrap" lang="und-Latn-fonipa" title="Representation in the International Phonetic Alphabet (IPA)">[ɛ]</span> and <span class="nowrap">⟨o꞉⟩</span> <span class="IPA nowrap" lang="und-Latn-fonipa" title="Representation in the International Phonetic Alphabet (IPA)">[ɔ]</span> in a number of languages of Papua New Guinea, and for grammatical <a href="Tone_(phonology)" class="mw-redirect" title="Tone (phonology)">tone</a> in several languages of Africa. It resembles but differs from the <a href="Colon_(punctuation)" title="Colon (punctuation)">colon punctuation mark</a>, <span class="nounderlines" style="border: 1px solid var(--border-color-muted,#ddd); color: var(--color-base,#202122); background-color: var( --background-color-neutral-subtle, #fdfdfd); padding: 1px 1px;">:</span>. In some fonts, the two dots are placed a bit closer together than those of the punctuation colon so that the two characters are visually distinct.

In <a href="Unicode" title="Unicode">Unicode</a> it has been assigned the code <span class="nowrap"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r886049734">

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</style><span class="monospaced">U+A789</span> </span><span style="font-size:125%;line-height:1em">꞉</span> <span style="font-variant: small-caps; text-transform: lowercase; font-feature-settings: 'onum'">MODIFIER LETTER COLON</span>, which behaves like a letter rather than a punctuation mark in electronic texts. In practice, however, an <a href="ASCII" title="ASCII">ASCII</a> colon is frequently used for the letter (<span class="nowrap"><span class="monospaced">U+003A</span> </span><span style="font-size:125%;line-height:1em">:</span> <span style="font-variant: small-caps; text-transform: lowercase; font-feature-settings: 'onum'">COLON</span>).

</p><p>In <a href="Windows" class="mw-redirect" title="Windows">Windows</a> and <a href="MacOS" title="MacOS">macOS</a>, the letter colon can be used to emulate the punctuation colon in file names, where the punctuation colon is a reserved character that cannot be used.

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<div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Alphabetic_letter">Alphabetic letter</h2></div>

<p>Several of the <a href="Native_American_languages" class="mw-redirect" title="Native American languages">Native American languages</a> of North America use the <b>colon</b> to indicate vowel length. <a href="Zuni_language" title="Zuni language">Zuni</a> is one. Other languages include <a href="Hupa_language" title="Hupa language">Hupa</a> of California, <a href="O%CA%BCodham_language" title="Oʼodham language">Oʼodham</a> of Arizona, <a href="Sayula_Popoluca" title="Sayula Popoluca">Sayula Popoluca</a> of Mexico and <a href="Mohawk_language" title="Mohawk language">Mohawk</a> of Ontario. Still others use a <b>half colon</b> (just the top dot of the colon, or a <a href="Interpunct#Letter" title="Interpunct">middot</a>, <span class="nowrap"><span class="monospaced">U+A78F</span> </span><span style="font-size:125%;line-height:1em">ꞏ</span> <span style="font-variant: small-caps; text-transform: lowercase; font-feature-settings: 'onum'">LATIN LETTER SINOLOGICAL DOT</span>). Both conventions derive from Americanist phonetic notation (below).

</p><p>The colon is used as a grammatical tone letter in <a href="Budu_language" title="Budu language">Budu</a> in the <a href="Democratic_Republic_of_the_Congo" title="Democratic Republic of the Congo">Democratic Republic of the Congo</a>, in <a href="Sabaot_language" title="Sabaot language">Sabaot</a> in <a href="Kenya" title="Kenya">Kenya</a>, and in some <a href="Grebo_language" title="Grebo language">Grebo</a> in <a href="Liberia" title="Liberia">Liberia</a>. It is used for the vowels <span class="IPA nowrap" lang="und-Latn-fonipa" title="Representation in the International Phonetic Alphabet (IPA)">/ɛ/</span> and <span class="IPA nowrap" lang="und-Latn-fonipa" title="Representation in the International Phonetic Alphabet (IPA)">/ɔ/</span> in several languages of <a href="Papua_New_Guinea" title="Papua New Guinea">Papua New Guinea</a>: <a href="Erima_language" class="mw-redirect" title="Erima language">Erima</a>, <a href="Gizra" class="mw-redirect" title="Gizra">Gizra</a>, <a href="Go%EA%9E%89bosi" class="mw-redirect" title="Go꞉bosi">Go꞉bosi</a>, <a href="Gwahatike" class="mw-redirect" title="Gwahatike">Gwahatike</a>, <a href="Kaluli" class="mw-redirect" title="Kaluli">Kaluli</a>, <a href="Kamula_language" title="Kamula language">Kamula</a>, <a href="Kasua_language" title="Kasua language">Kasua</a>, <a href="Kuni-Boazi" class="mw-redirect" title="Kuni-Boazi">Kuni-Boazi</a> and <a href="Zimakani" class="mw-redirect" title="Zimakani">Zimakani</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>

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<div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Phonetic_symbol">Phonetic symbol</h2></div>

<p>In <a href="Americanist_phonetic_notation" title="Americanist phonetic notation">Americanist phonetic notation</a>, a colon may be used to indicate <a href="Vowel_length" title="Vowel length">vowel length</a>. This convention is somewhat less common than the half-colon.

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<table class="infobox" style="max-width:20em;"><tbody><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-above" style="background: #ccc; font-size: 500%; line-height:1.3; font-weight:normal; font-family:'times new roman', times, georgia, serif, sans-serif;">ːˑ</th></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="background: #ccc;"><div style="background: #ccc; font-size: 125%; font-weight: bold; padding: 0.1em 0.25em 0.2em; line-height: 1.2em;">IPA length mark</div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">In <a href="Unicode" title="Unicode">Unicode</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><span class="nowrap"><span class="monospaced">U+02D0</span> </span><span style="font-size:125%;line-height:1em">ː</span> <span style="font-variant: small-caps; text-transform: lowercase; font-feature-settings: 'onum'">MODIFIER LETTER TRIANGULAR COLON</span><br><span class="nowrap"><span class="monospaced">U+02D1</span> </span><span style="font-size:125%;line-height:1em">ˑ</span> <span style="font-variant: small-caps; text-transform: lowercase; font-feature-settings: 'onum'">MODIFIER LETTER HALF TRIANGULAR COLON</span></td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="background: #ccc;">Different from</th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Different from</th><td class="infobox-data"><span class="nowrap"><span class="monospaced">U+003A</span> </span><span style="font-size:125%;line-height:1em">:</span> <span style="font-variant: small-caps; text-transform: lowercase; font-feature-settings: 'onum'">COLON</span></td></tr></tbody></table>

<p>In the <a href="International_Phonetic_Alphabet" title="International Phonetic Alphabet">International Phonetic Alphabet</a>, a triangular or trapezoidal colon-like letter is used to indicate that the preceding <a href="Consonant_length" class="mw-redirect" title="Consonant length">consonant</a> or <a href="Vowel_length" title="Vowel length">vowel is long</a>. Its form is that of two triangles or trapezoids pointing toward each other rather than the two dots of Americanist notation. It is available in Unicode as <span class="nowrap"><span class="monospaced">U+02D0</span> </span><span style="font-size:125%;line-height:1em">ː</span> <span style="font-variant: small-caps; text-transform: lowercase; font-feature-settings: 'onum'">MODIFIER LETTER TRIANGULAR COLON</span>.

If the upper triangle is used without the lower one (<span class="nowrap"><span class="monospaced">U+02D1</span> </span><span style="font-size:125%;line-height:1em">ˑ</span> <span style="font-variant: small-caps; text-transform: lowercase; font-feature-settings: 'onum'">MODIFIER LETTER HALF TRIANGULAR COLON</span>), it designates a <a href="Half-long" class="mw-redirect" title="Half-long">half-long</a> vowel or consonant.<sup id="cite_ref-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>

</p><p>The <a href="Uralic_Phonetic_Alphabet" class="mw-redirect" title="Uralic Phonetic Alphabet">Uralic Phonetic Alphabet</a> uses <span class="nowrap"><span class="monospaced">U+02F8</span> </span><span style="font-size:125%;line-height:1em">˸</span> <span style="font-variant: small-caps; text-transform: lowercase; font-feature-settings: 'onum'">MODIFIER LETTER RAISED COLON</span>.<sup id="cite_ref-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>

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<div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2></div>

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<li id="cite_note-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-1">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Peter G. Constable, Lorna A. Priest, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.unicode.org/L2/L2006/06259r-mod-letters.pdf"><i>Proposal to Encode Additional Orthographic and Modifier Characters</i></a>, 2006.</span>

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</style><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://weston.ruter.net/projects/ipa-chart/view/">"The International Phonetic Alphabet"</a>. <i>Weston Ruter</i>. 2005<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">27 October</span> 2011</span>.</cite></span>

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<li id="cite_note-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-3">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite id="CITEREFEverson2002" class="citation web cs1">Everson, Michael; et al. (2002-03-20). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.unicode.org/L2/L2002/02141-n2419-uralic-phonetic.pdf">"L2/02-141: Uralic Phonetic Alphabet characters for the UCS"</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span>.</cite></span>

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</style><div id="Latin_script492" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="Latin_script" title="Latin script">Latin script</a></div></th></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2"><div>

<ul><li><a href="History_of_the_Latin_script" title="History of the Latin script">History</a></li>

<li><a href="Spread_of_the_Latin_script" title="Spread of the Latin script">Spread</a></li>

<li><a href="Romanization" title="Romanization">Romanization</a></li>

<li><a href="Roman_numerals" title="Roman numerals">Roman numerals</a></li>

<li><a href="Ligature_(writing)#Latin_alphabet" title="Ligature (writing)">Ligatures</a></li></ul>

</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="Latin-script_alphabet" title="Latin-script alphabet">Alphabets</a> (<a href="List_of_Latin-script_alphabets" title="List of Latin-script alphabets">list</a>)</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em">

<ul><li><a href="Classical_Latin_alphabet" class="mw-redirect" title="Classical Latin alphabet">Classical Latin alphabet</a></li>

<li><a href="ISO_basic_Latin_alphabet" title="ISO basic Latin alphabet">ISO basic Latin alphabet</a></li>

<li>Phonetic alphabets

<ul><li><a href="International_Phonetic_Alphabet" title="International Phonetic Alphabet">International Phonetic Alphabet</a></li>

<li><a href="X-SAMPA" title="X-SAMPA">X-SAMPA</a></li></ul></li>

<li><a href="Spelling_alphabet" title="Spelling alphabet">Spelling alphabet</a></li></ul>

</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Letters (<a href="List_of_Latin-script_letters" title="List of Latin-script letters">list</a>)</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em">

<th colspan="26"><div style="width:100%; background:#e0e0e0;; text-align:center;">Letters of the <a href="ISO_basic_Latin_alphabet" title="ISO basic Latin alphabet">ISO basic Latin alphabet</a></div>

</th></tr>

<tr>

</td>

</td>

</td>

</td>

</td>

</td>

</td>

</td>

</td>

</td>

</td>

</td>

<td style="text-align:center;width:3.85%;"><span class=""><a href="M" title="M">Mm

</a></span>

</td>

</td>

</td>

</td>

</td>

</td>

</td>

</td>

</td>

</td>

</td>

</td>

</td>

<td style="text-align:center;width:3.85%;"><span class=""><a href="Z" title="Z">Zz

</a></span>

</td></tr>

<tr>

<th colspan="26"><div style="width:100%; background:#e0e0e0;; text-align:center;">Additional Latin letters</div>

</th></tr>

<tr>

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</td>

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</td>

</td>

</td>

</td>

<td style="text-align:center;width:3.85%;"><span class=""><a href="Eng_(letter)" title="Eng (letter)">Ŋ ŋ

</a></span>

</td>

</td>

</td>

</td>

</td>

</td>

</td>

</td>

</td>

</td>

</td>

</td>

<td style="text-align:center;width:3.85%;"><span class=""><a href="Wynn" title="Wynn">Ƿ ƿ

</a></span>

</td></tr>

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</td>

</td>

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</td>

</td>

</td>

</td>

</td>

</td>

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</td>

</td>

</td>

</td>

</td>

</td>

</td>

</td>

</td>

</td>

</td>

</td>

</td></tr>

<tr>

</td>

</td>

</td>

</td>

</td>

</td>

</td>

</td>

</td>

</td>

</td>

</td>

</td>

</td>

</td>

</td>

</td>

</td>

</td>

</td>

</td>

</td>

</td>

</td>

</td>

</td></tr>

<tr>

</td>

</td>

</td>

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</td>

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</td>

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</td>

</td>

</td>

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</td>

</td></tr>

</tbody></table>

</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="Latin-script_multigraph" title="Latin-script multigraph">Multigraphs</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="List_of_Latin-script_digraphs" title="List of Latin-script digraphs">Digraphs</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em">

</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="List_of_Latin-script_trigraphs" title="List of Latin-script trigraphs">Trigraphs</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em">

</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="List_of_Latin-script_tetragraphs" title="List of Latin-script tetragraphs">Tetragraphs</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em">

</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="List_of_Latin-script_pentagraphs" title="List of Latin-script pentagraphs">Pentagraphs</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><a href="Tzsch" class="mw-redirect" title="Tzsch">tzsch</a></div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Keyboard layouts (<a href="List_of_Latin-script_keyboard_layouts" title="List of Latin-script keyboard layouts">list</a>)</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em">

<ul><li><a href="QWERTY" title="QWERTY">QWERTY</a></li>

<li><a href="QWERTZ" title="QWERTZ">QWERTZ</a></li>

<li><a href="AZERTY" title="AZERTY">AZERTY</a></li>

<li><a href="Dvorak_keyboard_layout" title="Dvorak keyboard layout">Dvorak</a></li>

<li><a href="Colemak" title="Colemak">Colemak</a></li>

</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Historical Standards</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em">

<li><a href="Western_Latin_character_sets_(computing)" title="Western Latin character sets (computing)">Western Latin character sets</a></li></ul>

</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Current Standards</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em">

<ul><li><a href="Latin_script_in_Unicode" title="Latin script in Unicode">Unicode</a></li>

<li><a href="DIN_91379" title="DIN 91379">DIN 91379: Unicode subset for Europe</a></li></ul>

</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Lists</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em">

<ul><li><a href="List_of_precomposed_Latin_characters_in_Unicode" title="List of precomposed Latin characters in Unicode">Precomposed Latin characters in Unicode</a></li>

<li><a href="Latin_letters_used_in_mathematics" class="mw-redirect" title="Latin letters used in mathematics">Letters used in mathematics</a></li>

<li><a href="List_of_typographical_symbols_and_punctuation_marks" title="List of typographical symbols and punctuation marks">List of typographical symbols and punctuation marks</a></li></ul>

</div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2"><div>

<ul><li><a href="Diacritic" title="Diacritic">Diacritics</a></li>

<li><a href="Palaeography" title="Palaeography">Palaeography</a></li></ul>

</div></td></tr></tbody></table></div></div><div><div class="zim-footer">

This article is issued from <a class="external text" title="Last edited on 2025-07-20" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/?title=Colon_(letter)&oldid=1301461781">Wikipedia</a>. The text is available under <a class="external text" href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/deed.en">Creative Commons Attribution-Share Alike 4.0</a> unless otherwise noted. Additional terms may apply for the media files.

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